The best way to do this is to pay attention to your word choice. Choose active voice and vivid verbs. Passive voice, or leaving the subject out of the sentence, makes it look like you are trying to avoid responsibility. Choose precise words. All writing is made up of words. It has also attempted to give useful hints for drafting an appropriate title and a complete abstract for a research paper. It is hoped that this review will help the authors in their career in medical writing. The author thanks Dr.
Hemant Deshmukh - Dean, Seth G. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Journal List Saudi J Anaesth v. Saudi J Anaesth. Milind S. Tullu Department of Pediatrics, Seth G.
Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Address for correspondence: Dr. E-mail: moc. This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4. This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract This article deals with formulating a suitable title and an appropriate abstract for an original research paper.
Key words: Abbreviations, aims, article, author, conclusions, database, indexing, keywords, manuscript, medical writing, message, methods, paper, research, results, summary.
The Title The details of the title are discussed under the subheadings of importance, types, drafting, and checklist. Types of titles Titles can be descriptive, declarative, or interrogative. Declarative title This title states the main finding of the study in the title itself; it reduces the curiosity of the reader, may point toward a bias on the part of the author, and hence is best avoided.
Interrogative title This is the one which has a query or the research question in the title. Drafting a suitable title A stepwise process can be followed to draft the appropriate title.
Open in a separate window. The Abstract The details of the abstract are discussed under the subheadings of importance, types, drafting, and checklist. Importance of the abstract The abstract is a summary or synopsis of the full research paper and also needs to have similar characteristics like the title. Types of abstracts The abstracts can be structured or unstructured.
Descriptive and Informative abstracts Descriptive abstracts are short 75— words , only portray what the paper contains without providing any more details; the reader has to read the full paper to know about its contents and are rarely used for original research papers. The abstract should have simple language and phrases rather than sentences It should be informative, cohesive, and adhering to the structure subheadings provided by the target journal.
Concluding Remarks This review article has given a detailed account of the importance and types of titles and abstracts. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest. Acknowledgement The author thanks Dr. References 1. Moss F. Titles, abstracts, and authors. Always keep your audience in mind. When you begin to plan out an article, it's absolutely critical that you think about who will be reading it.
Your audience will determine what kind of questions you should be addressing and what kind of language you should be using to answer them, so you can't skip this step! If it's geared towards novices, you will need to walk them through the material step by step and provide lots of background information. If it's geared towards people who are knowledgeable about the field, you will need to provide a more in-depth analysis and maybe utilize some industry jargon.
If you know exactly who your audience is, you can make your writing serve a purpose. Always aim to solve a specific problem that your audience is experiencing with each article. Ask interesting questions. You may think that the topic you have to write about is boring and that there's simply no way to write an interesting article about it, but that's not true! You can find an interesting way of approaching any subject if you simply ask the right questions about it.
For example, if your topic is thunderstorms, you may be wondering what locations have the most thunderstorms, why some places have more thunderstorms than other places, and what kind of damage a thunderstorm can cause. These are all great places to start for your article.
Make sure the questions you're asking are interesting to other people, not just you. Try typing your keywords into major search engines to find out what people are asking about your topic on social media or forums. If people want to know about something, they will find your article interesting.
Provide new information. In order to make your article interesting, it's important that it be unique. You should aim to provide your audience with information that they can't get anywhere else whenever possible. If you write an article that repeats information that is available in another article even if this was not your intention it will not be as interesting.
If you can't come up with a completely new topic, try digging a little deeper into topics that have already been covered by others. Look for questions that the other articles failed to answer or angles that they didn't cover and make these the focus of your article. Part 2. Use a personable voice. The voice of your article will depend on many different factors, including your topic and whether you are writing on behalf of a company or yourself.
No matter what kind of article you are writing, however, it's important that you use a personable voice that sounds like a human, rather than a robot. If you are writing for a company, they probably have a manual that outlines what kind of voice they want you to use in your articles. If you ever have any questions about what is appropriate for your article, be sure to ask your editor or supervisor.
While this isn't appropriate for every kind of article, using the first person pronouns "I," "me," and "my" can help your writing sound much more personable. Avoid using the first person plural pronouns "we," "our," and "us," even if you're trying to write on behalf of an entire company. This does not sound nearly as personal. If it's appropriate for your article, express emotions and opinions.
Readers will appreciate the sincerity that this brings to your writing. If it is appropriate for your industry, consider telling a joke or making a reference to a current event. This will help your reader connect with you. Answer all the questions. When writing your article, be sure to think about whether you have answered all of the main questions: who, what, when, where, why, and how. An article that leaves one or more of these questions unanswered will not seem complete.
Whether you do this or not, it is a good idea to confirm that you have thoroughly answered each question during the editing process.
Keep in mind that some of the questions will require more elaboration than others, depending on your topic. For example, if you are writing an article about cooking, you will probably devote the most space to discussing how to prepare the meal and what ingredients are needed. Show, don't tell. To make your writing as interesting as possible, use language that allows readers to come to their own conclusions, rather than simply stating the conclusion for them.
This will help readers feel as if they are experiencing the situation you are describing. The good news is that there are plenty of things you can do to make your writing more interesting, even though you can only do so much while remaining within the formal confines of academic writing.
This makes it relatively easy to write interestingly about a subject you have a real passion for. Another factor that can make an essay boring is a dry subject matter. Some subjects or topic areas are naturally dry, and it falls to you to make the essay more interesting through your written style more on this later and by trying to find fascinating snippets of information to include that will liven it up a bit and make the information easier to relate to.
When you read a lot, you subconsciously start emulating the style of the writers you read. If you feel engaged with a piece of writing, the writer must be doing something right!
As you read, think consciously about what the writer is doing to hold your interest, perhaps underlining or copying out certain phrases, techniques, sentence structures and so on. Then apply their techniques to your own writing.
Unfortunately, many students employ the passive voice in the belief that it makes their writing sound more academic or intellectual; in fact, it makes their writing sound boring. As you can see in this example, the active voice almost always results in neater and more elegant phrasing, which is more concise and enjoyable to read.
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